Evaluation of Phenotypic Stability of Resistance to Phytophthora spp. in Cacao Clones
نویسندگان
چکیده
Resistance of fourteen Theobroma cacao clones to Phytophthora spp. was evaluated using stem inoculations on grafted seedlings. Concepts of phenotypic stability were used to interpret the results and to express horizontality of the resistance. The linear regression coefficient ‘b’, the determination coefficient (R2) and average lesion size were used to determine the level of horizontal resistance, the phenotypic stability and the predictability of all clones. The results indicated that clones P 7 and MA 15 present highest levels of horizontal resistance and stability, but with moderate predictability. Clones CAS 1 and CEPEC 13 were classified as those with high horizontal resistance, stability and predictability, while clones PA 30, UF 650 and SIAL 88 and EET 59 showed intermediate resistance and stability and high predictability. Clones SPA 17, OC 61, PA 150, SIAL 505, ICS 1 and R 41 presented high susceptibility and intermediate or low stability and moderate or high predictability. Additional keywords: Theobroma cacao, genotypes, black pod disease. RESUMO Avaliação da estabilidade fenotípica da resistência a Phytophthora spp. em clones de cacaueiro A resistência de quatorze clones de Theobroma cacao a Phytophthora spp. foi avaliada utilizando inoculações em hastes de mudas enxertadas de cacau. Utilizaram-se os conceitos de estabilidade fenotípica para interpretar os resultados e expressar a horizontalidade da resistência. O coeficiente ‘b’ da regressão linear, o coeficiente de determinação (R2) e a média das lesões foram utilizadas para determinar o nível de resistência horizontal, a estabilidade fenotípica e a previsibilidade de comportamento dos clones. Os resultados indicaram que os clones P 7 e MA 15 apresentaram os níveis mais altos de resistência e estabilidade, porém com previsibilidade moderada. Os clones CAS 1 e CEPEC 13 foram classificados como de alta resistência horizontal, estabilidade e previsibilidade enquanto que os clones PA 30, UF 650, SIAL 88 e EET 59 apresentaram resistência intermediária e alta previsibilidade. Os clones SPA 17, OC 61, PA 150, SIAL 505, ICS 1 e R 41 apresentaram altas suscetibilidades associadas à estabilidade baixa ou intermediária e previsibilidade moderada ou alta. Palavras-chave adicionais: Theobroma cacao, genótipos, podridão parda.
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